4 101 X The land of the Hurrians, Mitanni was the principal rival of Egypt for control of the Levant until the rise of the Hittites. First defeated by the Hittite king Tudhaliyas III, by the 14th century BC Mitanni was effectively divided between the Hittites and the Assyrians.
# Mitanni
5 0 14 17
#IW HITTITE WARFARE
6 13 14 2
#HATTUSHASH CM
7 1 14 9
#ALACA HUYUK IW
8 101 X Alisar H¸y¸k was one of the network of Assyrian trading stations in the 19th century BC. Later it was an important Hittite fortified town. Like Hattushash, it had a tunnel leading beneath the town wall on the southern side, as a sally port or escape route when besieged.
# Alisar Hˆy¸k
9 102 A The ancient city of Kanesh (modern Kultepe) yielded over 10,000 clay tablets describing the activities of an Assyrian trading colony (karum) which operated there in the 19th century BC. Tin and textiles came from Ashur in donkey caravans and were traded for gold and silver. Kanesh was possibly the ancient capital of Anitta, ancestor of the Hittite kings.
# Kultepe
10 17 14 2
#HITTITEE HIEROGLYPHICS IS
11 17 14 1
#IS Hittite Warfare
12 0 14 10
#CARCHEMISH IW
13 23 14 1
#HITTITE EXPANTION MS
14 0 14 8
#HITTITE Writing IW
15 5 14 1
#BATTLE OF KADESH AM
16 1 14 12
#HITTITE FORTIFICATION IW
17 101 X Ancient capital of the Kingdom of Yamhad in the late 21st century BC, Aleppo (ancient Halab) was attacked repeatedly by the Hittites as they gained power over the Levant. It finally came under Hittite control when Telepinus, son of Suppiluliumas I, was installed as king around 1340 BC.
# Aleppo ( ancient Halab)
18 0 14 6
#HITTITE RELIGION IW
19 101 X Clay tablets have been found at Alalah (modern Tel Atchana), an important port city on the Orontes, describing trade with the Assyrians as well as later contact with Mitanni and Egypt. A vassal of the Mitanni, Alalah was conquered by the Hittite king Suppiluliumas around 1340 BC.
# Alalah (mod.Tel Atchana)
20 101 X Mashat Hˆy¸k, probably the Hittite city of Tapikka, shows a typical planned layout. Its governor's palace has been identified: first floor official apartments surrounded a large colonnaded courtyard, although only the basement storerooms survive. Here were found tablets from the official archive, preserved when the palace was destroyed by fire around 1400 BC.
# Mashat Hˆy¸k
21 101 X One of the powerful Neo-Hittite kingdoms that were established to the south of the old Hittite heartland from around 1000 BC to 700 BC. They used the Hittite Hieroglyphic script and maintained Hittite traditions of monumental architecture.
